Casebook

Showing 11 of 11 entries

• Application of the International Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination (Armenia v. Azerbaijan) and (Azerbaijan v. Armenia): cultural heritage claims, provisional measures of 7 December 2021 and current status

  International court case · International Court of Justice · 2021–not

  Armenia v. Azerbaijan (ICJ case no. 180) and Azerbaijan v. Armenia (case no. 181) are two separate cases brought under the Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination (CERD) after the 2020 conflict; each State accuses the other of…

  Countries: Armenia, Azerbaijan

• Decision 18 EXT.COM 5.2: Emergency inscription of the Historic Centre of Odesa on the World Heritage List and the List of World Heritage in Danger (2023)

  Other international decision · UNESCO World Heritage Committee (18th extraordinary session, Paris; this is a decision of the UNESCO World Heritage Committee, not a court or UN Security Council action) · 2023–ongo

  On 25 January 2023, at its 18th extraordinary session in Paris (24-25 January 2023), the UNESCO World Heritage Committee adopted Decision 18 EXT.COM 5.2. Using what the decision calls the 'emergency procedure', it inscribed the Historic Centre of Odesa,…

  Countries: Ukraine

• Decision 33 COM 7A.26: Deletion of the Dresden Elbe Valley from the World Heritage List (2009), and the preceding Danger List decisions (2006-2008)

  Other international decision · UNESCO World Heritage Committee (33rd session, Seville, 2009; this is a decision of the World Heritage Committee, not a court or UN Security Council action) · 2006–2009

  The Dresden Elbe Valley, Germany, was inscribed on the World Heritage List in 2004. In 2006 the World Heritage Committee (30th session, Vilnius), in Decision 30 COM 7B.77, found that the planned Waldschlösschen Bridge, a four-lane crossing inside the…

  Countries: Germany

• Decision 44 COM 7A.34: Deletion of 'Liverpool – Maritime Mercantile City' from the World Heritage List (2021)

  Other international decision · UNESCO World Heritage Committee (extended 44th session, 2021; this is a decision of the World Heritage Committee, not a court or UN Security Council action) · 2012–21 J

  On 21 July 2021, at its extended 44th session, the UNESCO World Heritage Committee decided in Decision 44 COM 7A.34 to delete 'Liverpool – Maritime Mercantile City' (United Kingdom) from the World Heritage List. UNESCO's news release gives the reason as…

  Countries: United Kingdom

• International Military Tribunal at Nuremberg: Judgment of 30 September and 1 October 1946 on the plunder of public and private property and works of art in occupied territories

  Tribunal case · International Military Tribunal (Nuremberg), established by the London Agreement of 8 August 1945 · 1945–1946

  The International Military Tribunal sat at Nuremberg to try the major German war criminals. Article 6(b) of its Charter listed "plunder of public or private property" among war crimes, and Count Three of the Indictment (lodged 18 October 1945) charged the…

  Countries: Germany

• Prosecutor v. Dario Kordić and Mario Čerkez (Lašva Valley, Central Bosnia: destruction of mosques and other religious and educational institutions)

  Tribunal case · International Criminal Tribunal for the former Yugoslavia (ICTY); Trial Chamber III and Appeals Chamber · 1995–2004

  Dario Kordić and Mario Čerkez, Bosnian Croat figures in the Lašva Valley region of Central Bosnia, were tried together at the ICTY. Among the 44 counts were two for "destruction or damage to religious or educational institutions", described by the Trial…

  Countries: Bosnia and Herzegovina

• Prosecutor v. Miodrag Jokić (the shelling of the Old Town of Dubrovnik, 6 December 1991)

  Tribunal case · International Criminal Tribunal for the former Yugoslavia (ICTY); Trial Chamber I and Appeals Chamber · 2001–2005

  Miodrag Jokić, an admiral who was appointed in October 1991 commander of the Ninth Naval Sector (VPS) Boka of the Yugoslav People's Army (JNA) navy, surrendered to the ICTY on 12 November 2001 and, on 27 August 2003, pleaded guilty to six counts concerning…

  Countries: Croatia, Montenegro

• Prosecutor v. Pavle Strugar (the shelling of the Old Town of Dubrovnik, 6 December 1991)

  Tribunal case · International Criminal Tribunal for the former Yugoslavia (ICTY); Trial Chamber II and Appeals Chamber · 2001–2008

  Pavle Strugar, a Yugoslav People's Army general, was tried at the ICTY over the 1991 attack on the Dubrovnik region, including the shelling of the Old Town on 6 December 1991. In its Trial Judgement of 31 January 2005, Trial Chamber II convicted him under…

  Countries: Croatia

• The destruction of the Buddhas of Bamiyan (March 2001) and the UNESCO Declaration concerning the Intentional Destruction of Cultural Heritage (17 October 2003)

  UN Security Council or UN action · UNESCO General Conference (with the UN General Assembly and UNESCO's Executive Board and World Heritage bodies in the lead-up) · 2001–2003

  In March 2001 the Taliban destroyed the Buddhist statues at Bamiyan, Afghanistan, after an edict of 26 February 2001. UNESCO's records show the Director-General sending a telegram to the Taliban leader on 28 February, a Special Envoy travelling to Islamabad,…

  Countries: Afghanistan

• United Nations Security Council Resolution 2199 (2015) on terrorist financing, including trade in cultural property from Iraq and Syria

  UN Security Council or UN action · United Nations Security Council · 2015–not

  On 12 February 2015, at its 7379th meeting, the UN Security Council adopted resolution 2199 (2015) on threats to international peace and security caused by terrorist acts by Al-Qaida and associated groups. The UN Digital Library records the adoption as…

  Countries: Iraq, Syria

• United Nations Security Council Resolution 2347 (2017) on the protection of cultural heritage in armed conflict

  UN Security Council or UN action · United Nations Security Council · 2017–not

  On 24 March 2017, at its 7907th meeting, the UN Security Council adopted resolution 2347 (2017) on the unlawful destruction of cultural heritage and the looting and smuggling of cultural property in the context of armed conflict, notably by terrorist groups.…

  Countries: Iraq, Syria